“The challenge is to create large-scale organizations without losing human scale.”

To intercept opportunities that come and go at lightning speed, organizations must be able to quickly reconfigure capabilities, infrastructure, and resources. Unfortunately, in many organizations, rigid unit boundaries, functional silos, and political fiefdoms hamper the rapid realignment of skills and assets. Large organizational units that encompass hundreds or thousands of employees pose another danger, as they often lead to groupthink on a grand scale. To become more adaptable, companies must organize themselves into smaller units and create fluid, project-based structures.